pksunking 2007-12-23 15:18
爱伦·坡的《乌鸦》
坡的小说，是我最早接触的有奇幻色彩的作品，很喜欢他恐怖、唯美又忧郁的风格。k4p g| o:uXl
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这首《The Raven》是我唯一能从头到尾背下来的英诗，讲述一个阴郁的子夜，主人公陷入对已故女友的思念中不能自拔，这时，一只通灵的乌鸦来访，主人公希望从这位地狱的使者身上得到女友的消息，最终却陷入更深的绝望。I%@g*Q"|
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这首诗一定要朗读，否则不能体会其中音乐般的美感和字里行间的悲怆绝望。+E }4WCFG7uI"H
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词汇很难，这里附上曹先生的译文，帮助理解。不过很难把它翻译成中文而不失神韵。
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插图出自著名版画家Gustave Dore之手.a;EI zz J,Q3U|
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[b]The Raven [/b]
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Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weakry. o Q,a \4I*r
Over many a quint and curious volume of forgotten lore. C!^d9~3A6`
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While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping, 7n.rN!H,i|6m
As of some one rapping, rapping at my chamber door. YM\E
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"'Tis some visitor," I muttered, "tapping at my chamber door-- "q[^ I$v)m GK
Only this, and nothing more." %V0@7o-E/X8EPL4k
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Ah, distinctly I remember it was in the bleak December,
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And each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon the floor.
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Eagerly I wished the morrow; -vainly I had tried to borrow
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From my books surcease of sorrow(1)-sorrow for the lost Lenore- 0d|s `D@1^K
For the rare and radiant maiden whom the angels name Lenore- 6W
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Nameless here for evermore
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And the silken sad uncertain rustling of each purple curtain
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Thrilled me-filled me with fantastic terrors never felt before; Ga S y&`7V&M W
So that now, to still the beating of my heart, I stood repeating
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" ' Tis some visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door-
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Some late visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door;- +Y!h9}n B*@;I
This it is and nothing more.
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Presently my soul grew stronger; hesitating then no longer, !~W#cJ:W0B
"Sir," said I, "or Madam, truly your forgiveness I implore; #z
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But the fact is I was napping, and so gently you came rapping,
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And so faintly you came tapping, tapping at my chamber door, ,@;l x2TB6X1e
That I scarce was sure I heard you"--here I opened wide the door;
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Darkness there, and nothing more. IM5G x;M4}a"b9x
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Deep into that: darkness peering, long I stood there wondering, fearing
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Doubting, dreaming dreams no mortal ever dared to dream before; ` c&I&DU(_5u/Y4e
But the silence was unbroken, and the darkness gave no token,
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And the only word there spoken was the whispered word, "Lenore!"
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This I whispered, and an echo murmured back the word, " Lenore! " |9M O&~KZR l
Merely this, and nothing more.
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Then into the chamber turning, all my soul within me burning, 3fh1a5Ca*h
Soon I heard again a tapping somewhat louder than before. zfxfZ+Z
"Surely," said I, "surely that is something at my window lattice; 4[!z7^ ~Q S6P
Let me see, then, what thereat is, and this mystery explore- v |&ZMCC,i ~+~O
Let my heart be still a moment and this mystery explore; *l.Ew)P BW9a
'Tis the wind, and nothing more! 0AI aE.wh9L
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Open here I flung the shutter, when, with many a flirt and flutter.
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In there stepped a stately raven of the saintly days of yore; K2qy o
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Not the least obeisance made he; not an instant stopped or stayed he; %N%xl,^] o
But, with mien of lord or lady, perched above my chamber door-
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Perched upon a bust of Pallas(2) just above my chamber door- "M'Vvy:W(R
Perched, and sat, and nothing more. #N G,C}~:vGt
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Then this ebony bird beguiling my sad fancy into smiling, sk9A GFfx
By the grave and stern decorum of the countenance it wore, _M&KA3V6I&l![
"Though thy crest be shorn and shaven, thou," I said, "art sure no craven, 7sU ~3B+l
Ghastly grim and ancient raven wandering from the Nightly shore- 5r$Pu/q
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Tell me what thy lordly name is on the Night ' s Plutonian shore! (3) " oc X$Lq
Quoth the raven, "Nevermore. " R+I+z$dp
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Much I marveled this ungainly fowl to hear discourse so plainly, G&zOC/W+}
Though its answer little meaning-little relevancy hore;
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For we cannot help agreeing that no sublunary being (4) 'F
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Ever yet was blessed with seeing bird above his chamber door-
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Bird or beast upon the sculptured bust above I us chamber door,
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With such mime as "Nevermore. 7A D4^p5Z:URU#i
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But the raven, sitting lonely on the placid bust, spoke only 0dIQ _c9@$}
That one word, as if his soul in that ill~ word he did outpour. Y3@"{f/Sk9P;{
Nothing farther then he uttered-not a feather then he fluttered- :_\ U J K$[N u.b;i
Till I scarcely more than muttered, "Other friends have flown before-
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On the morrow he will leave me, as my hopes have flown before. "
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Quoth the raven, "Nevermore. "
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Wondering at the stillness broken by reply so aptly spoken,
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"Doubtless," said I, "what it utters is its only stock and store(5),"
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Caught from some unhappy master whom unmerciful Disaster
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Followed fast and followed fastel-so, when Hope he would adjure, j$Aj
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Stern Despair returned, instead of the sweet Hope he dared adjure- "U_6N#FV(b
That sad answer, "Nevermore!"
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But the raven still beguiling all my sad soul into smiling, ;H'v5r3O lE#Z0E
Straight I wheeled a cushioned seat in front of bird, and bust, and door;
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Then upon the velvet sinking, I betook myself to linking ]:Vt;p+eMmT
Fancy unto fancy, thinking what this ominous bird of yore-
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What this grim, ungainly, ghastly, gaunt, and ominous bird of yore
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Meant in croaking "Nevermore. " o[og DI
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This I sat engaged in guessing, but no syllable expressing
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To the fowl whose fiery eyes now burned into my bosom's core; d8bX9T;?,KZ)o
This and more I sat divining, with my head at ease reclining yok5J(k@1u
On the cushion's velvet lining that the lamplight gloated o'er,
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But whose velvet violet lining with the lamplight gloating o'er,
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She shall press, ah, nevermore!
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Then, methought, the air grew denser, perfumed from an unseen censer K7e
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Swung by angels whose faint foot-falls tinkled on the tufted floor.
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"Wretch," I cried, "thy God hath lent thee-by these angels he hath sent thee
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Respite-respite and Nepenthe(6) from thy memories of Lenore! 6}"kY-@x'b ]
Let me quaff this kind Nepenthe and forget this lost Lenore!" P7W6eUS ^ k
Quoth the raven, "Nevermore. " ;d0x^"H*b
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"Prophet!" said I, "thing of evil! -prophet still, if bird or devil! -
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Whether Tempter sent, or whether tempest tossed thee here ashore,
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Desolate, yet all undaunted, on this desert land enchanted- 8]9Z#I2m6Ll
On this home by Horror haunted-tell me truly, I implore- -P ^Z)J ]R2G5K}n t
Is there-is there balm in Gilead?(7)-tell me-tell me, I implore!" `7S*P ^ q
Quoth the raven, "Nevermore. "
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"Prophet!" said I, "thing of evil! -prophet still, if bird or devil!
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By that Heaven that bends above us-by that God we both adore- w k-e9N0VBw
Tell this soul with sorrow laden if, within the distant Aidenn (8), ;py&]}.XU,L G
It shall clasp a sainted maiden whom the angels name Lenore-
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Clasp a rare and radiant maiden whom the angels name Lenore. C {,l1I ?_"S"]8i
Quoth the raven, "Nevermore. " 6[ C.JW0v\!q?
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"Be that word our sign of parting, bird or fiend!" I shrieked, upstarting- d;~V-]+|
"Get thee back into the tempest and the Night's plutonian shore!
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Leave no black plume as a token of that lie thy soul hath spoken!
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Leave my loneliness unbroken! -quit the bust above my door! 8e0d6V5z3n8?.g R
Take thy beak from out my heart, and take thy form from off my door! "
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Quoth the raven, "Nevermore. " m&W w] J(Z:Z.D
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And the raven, never flitting, still is sitting, still is sitting s9u [
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On the pallid bust of Pallas just above my chamber door; ~3s
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And his eyes have all the seeming of a demon that is dreaming, z$]-b8yB
And the lamp-light o' er him streaming throve his shadow on the floor;
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And my soul from out chat shadow that lies floating on the floor
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Shall be lifted-nevermore!
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[b]乌鸦[/b]
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曹明伦 译（安徽文艺出版社1999年版本） fz;Yd`vz
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从前一个阴郁的子夜，我独自沉思，慵懒疲竭， v'c? p7C
面对许多古怪而离奇、并早已被人遗忘的书卷；
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当我开始打盹，几乎入睡，突然传来一阵轻擂，
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仿佛有人在轻轻叩击——轻轻叩击我房间的门环。 ]_0R'P#q/a)nz
“有客来也”，我轻声嘟喃，“正在叩击我的门环， Az9DzG|
惟此而已，别无他般。”
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哦，我清楚地记得那是在风凄雨冷的十二月， Y.A V2VoK R7i
每一团奄奄一息的余烬都形成阴影伏在地板。
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我当时真盼望翌日——因为我已经枉费心机
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想用书来消除伤悲，消除因失去丽诺尔的伤感， [9\0w%y ]4R `
因那位被天使叫作丽诺尔的少女，她美丽娇艳，
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在此已抹去芳名，直至永远。 "Di!\2Ad n wg,l Y8h
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那柔软、暗淡、飒飒飘动的每一块紫色窗布 |
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使我心中充满前所未有的恐惧，我毛骨悚然； :DI3dqpN Il
为平息我心儿的悸跳．我站起身反复念叨
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“这是有客人想进屋，正在叩我房间的门环， /l N3o2O1]w*C'}
更深夜半有客人想进屋，正在叩我房间的门环， :? v']0e8z}
惟此而已，别无他般。”
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于是我的心变得坚强；不再犹疑，不再彷徨，
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“先生”，我说，“或夫人，我求你多多包涵； G}g7wX l0mY
刚才我正睡意昏昏，而你敲门又敲得那么轻，
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你敲门又敲得那么轻，轻轻叩我房间的门环，
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我差点以为没听见你”，说着我打开门扇——
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但惟有黑夜，别无他般。 n8k+G8tO5[(n
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凝视着夜色幽幽，我站在门边惊惧良久，
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疑惑中似乎梦见从前没人敢梦见的梦幻； \ H,yHp q0SW3LS
可那未被打破的寂静，没显示任何象征，
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“丽诺尔？”便是我嗫嚅念叨的惟一字眼， Y \KQ,s O
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我念叨“丽诺尔”，回声把这名字轻轻送还；
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惟此而已，别无他般。 :sN-_ v d j
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我转身回到房中，我的整个心烧灼般疼痛，
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很快我又听到叩击声，比刚才听起来明显。
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“肯定”，我说，“肯定有什么在我的窗棂； &T:?)VD&Q;}z
让我瞧瞧是什么在那儿，去把那秘密发现，
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让我的心先镇静一会儿，去把那秘密发现；
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那不过是风，别无他般！”
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然后我推开了窗户，随着翅膀的一阵猛扑，
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一只神圣往昔的乌鸦庄重地走进我房间； Y6Cv,^M@!c2RO_
它既没向我致意问候，也没有片刻的停留，
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而是以绅士淑女的风度栖到我房门的上面， #N M)]?.cZk9Z
栖在我房门上方一尊帕拉斯半身雕像上面；
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栖息在那儿，仅如此这般。
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于是这只黑鸟把我悲伤的幻觉哄骗成微笑， .L Czl`p @ u
以它那老成持重一本正经温文尔雅的容颜， "h?H{5X Xp5k3X,a
“冠毛虽被剪除”，我说，“但你显然不是懦夫，
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你这幽灵般可怕的古鸦，漂泊来自夜的彼岸，
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请告诉我你尊姓大名，在黑沉沉的冥府阴间！” &iB L2J2`!Yr-X
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乌鸦答曰“永不复焉”。 }/V!K H [
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听见如此直率的回答，我对这丑鸟感到惊讶，
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尽管它的回答不着边际——与提问几乎无关；
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因为我们不得不承认，从来没有活着的世人 S}tTx e%^ v!U5P;K
曾如此有幸地看见一只鸟栖在他房门的上面， V ? j5YW1Iz8Z @
看见鸟或兽栖在他房门上方的半身雕像上面，
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而且名叫“永不复焉”。
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但那只栖于肃穆的半身雕像上的乌鸦只说了
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这一句话，仿佛它倾泻灵魂就用那一个字眼。
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然后它便一声不吭——也不把它的羽毛拍动，
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直到我几乎在喃喃自语“其他朋友早已离散，
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明晨它也将离我而去，如同我的希望已消散。” _ t)|Mv8r
这时乌鸦说“永不复焉”。
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惊异于屋里的寂静被如此恰当的回话打破， H)\1K%X Zb9q g
“肯定”，我说，“此话是它惟一会说的人言， +{H0o/[7v
从它不幸的主人口中学来。一连串横祸飞灾 C n Qn
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曾接踵而至，直到它主人的歌中有了这字眼，
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直到他希望的挽歌中有了这个忧郁的字眼—— &R1c7H7a m&[:B UN
永不复焉，永不复焉。” 6A7zl1mn J"UP EF
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但那只乌鸦仍然在骗我悲伤的灵魂露出微笑，
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我即刻拖了张软椅到门边雕像下那乌鸦跟前；
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然后坐在天鹅绒椅垫上，我开始产生联想，
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浮想连着浮想，猜度这不祥的古鸟何出此言， :]q
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这只狰狞丑陋可怕不吉不祥的古鸟何出此言， (X%goc-w1v W C4R/~&P
为何对我说“永不复焉”。 0H _n i$e
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我坐着猜想那意思，但没对乌鸦说片语只言，
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此时，它炯炯发光的眼睛已燃烧进我的心坎； Q8Hjjs8R!T]4Z
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我依然坐在那儿猜度，把我的头靠得很舒服， B i H S:B1G:o0D
舒舒服服地靠着在灯光凝视下的天鹅绒椅垫， 8t
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但在这灯光凝视着的紫色的天鹅绒椅垫上面， -p R ce
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她还会靠么？啊，永不复焉！
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接着我觉得空气变得稠密，被无形香炉熏香， :Et:a7T1O:x.l%B ~#s
提香炉的撒拉弗的脚步声响在有簇饰的地板。
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“可怜的人”，我叹道，“是上帝派天使为你送药，
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这忘忧药能终止你对失去的丽诺尔的思念； 7y1B5Pgi
喝吧，喝吧，忘掉你对失去的丽诺尔的思念！”
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这时乌鸦说“永不复焉”。 {u't t1Q
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“先知！”我说“不管是先知是魔鬼，是鸟是魔，
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是不是撒旦派你，或是暴风雨抛你，来到此岸，
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来到这片妖惑鬼祟但却不惧怕魔鬼的荒原——
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来到这恐怖的小屋——告诉我真话，求你可怜！ 7MFa&Zy&{@/j~4z
基列有香膏吗？ 告诉我，告诉我，求你可怜！”
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乌鸦说“永不复焉”。 #bE b3Z`$XH)l8wE
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“先知！”我说“不管是先知是魔鬼，是鸟是魔，
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凭着我们都崇拜的上帝——凭着我们头顶的苍天， h_U{4}\_ cQ H
请告诉这充满悲伤的灵魂。它能否在遥远的仙境 )Z.v#i2yVX$v9B
拥抱一位被天使叫作丽诺尔的少女，她纤尘不染，
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拥抱一位被天使叫作丽诺尔的少女，她美丽娇艳。”
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乌鸦说“永不复焉”。 [aG lX0|
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“让这话做我们的告别辞，鸟或魔！”我起身吼道， J T7LL7Z}!bN:x
“回你的暴风雨中去吧，回你黑沉沉的夜之彼岸！
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别留下你黑色的羽毛作为你灵魂谎过言的象征！ 1X O D(qN
留给我完整的孤独！快从我门上的雕像上滚蛋！ 7j h ] L6}'h Xi
让你的嘴离开我的心；让你的身子离开我房间！” [e"d6y ^ F
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乌鸦答曰“永不复焉”。
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那只鸟鸦并没飞走，它仍然栖息，仍然栖息，
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栖息在房门上方苍白的帕拉斯半身雕像上面；
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它的眼光与正在做梦的魔鬼的眼光一模一样，
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照在它身上的灯光把它的阴影投射在地板； un hh$i)o
而我的灵魂，会从那团在地板上漂浮的阴影中
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解脱么——永不复焉！
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最后附上朗读版本的链接(r&J5L p4S.{2zg u6N)O!t
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[url]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FID1CiB4bcU[/url]#Q.v\
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这个读的更好，可惜省略了一些句子。
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[url]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3NaEMeSqtYQ[/url]
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[url]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xe3IN8i-eho&feature=related[/url]
pksunking 2007-12-23 17:38
[quote]原帖由 [i]nidhogg[/i] 于 2007-12-23 17:25 发表 [url=http://www.odyguild.net/bbs/redirect.php?goto=findpost&pid=80358&ptid=11066][img]http://www.odyguild.net/bbs/images/common/back.gif[/img][/url]nnM5|\ uNC
曹明伦翻译的爱伦坡已经很好了，尤其是文章#_"{|CH3s3P\ J
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确实是我读过的最好的译本，不完美只是相对于坡的原作而言，这是翻译特别是诗歌翻译固有的问题，没有对曹先生不敬的意思。
goldenage 2007-12-25 20:01
有部美漫就叫乌鸦，本人很喜欢(可惜国内一直无人汉化...残念ING),据说作者就是从这诗得到的灵感,还曾经改编成系列电影,第一部是李小龙之子李国豪主演的，他在拍片过程中还意外身故,让影迷嗟叹不已.
Variola 2007-12-25 23:32
[quote]原帖由 [i]goldenage[/i] 于 2007-12-25 20:01 发表 [url=http://www.odyguild.net/bbs/redirect.php?goto=findpost&pid=80802&ptid=11066][img]http://www.odyguild.net/bbs/images/common/back.gif[/img][/url]
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有部美漫就叫乌鸦，本人很喜欢(可惜国内一直无人汉化...残念ING),据说作者就是从这诗得到的灵感,还曾经改编成系列电影,第一部是李小龙之子李国豪主演的，他在拍片过程中还意外身故,让影迷嗟叹不已. [/quote]
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乌鸦系列的电影和爱伦坡……这个貌似直接关系不太大…………坡的诗歌最多给了作者一些灵感，把乌鸦设定为连接阴阳两界的使者而已吧
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四部《乌鸦》的电影看了三部，觉得前两部还不错，第三部一点也不喜欢。总体感觉还是李国豪参演的第一部最为出色，拍到后面就没新意了。这么说起来哪天应该把Wicked Prayer也弄下来看全才对[s:9]
黑河内梦路 2007-12-29 18:39
补充下对原文的注解~
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[quote]（1） I had tried to borrow from my books surcease of sorrow: 我竭力读书，想以此排遣心中的哀伤。Surcease是古体，意思是终止阻止 &? bGJ1| W3C1B
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（2） a bust of Pallas: 7jx#_.p/RK vB
帕拉斯女神的胸像，帕拉斯就是希腊神话中的雅典娜(Athena)。 Hmc^!AnwO
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（3） the Night's Plutonian shore:
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黑夜中的的冥界的冥界海岸 @
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（4）subalunary being 地球上的人们。Subalunary意思是月球之下的，地球之上的。
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有的版本改为 living human being。 9R ^*f7[9L ~ @Z
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(5) stock and store:
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库存物品。此处指乌鸦模仿的人语 F F:w(HQv(N
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（6）Nepenthe /T
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希腊神话中的忘忧药。后泛指一切是人忘记忧愁的东西。 3~?4`f;V%} DG
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（7） Is there balm in Gilead?
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这里讥讽的引用了圣经中的一句：Is there no balm in Gilead; is therd no A,S8v'b~k
physician there? 难道基列没有止痛药？难道那里没有医生吗？（基列是死海边的一片山区，生长着许多药用植物） 6}"n5Fh^
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（8）Aidenn 这是坡虚拟的一个地名，暗指伊甸园（Eden）[/quote]